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FEATURES ITU-R BT601/656 YCrCb to PAL/NTSC Video Encoder High Quality 9-Bit Video DACs Integral Nonlinearity <1 LSB at 9 Bits NTSC-M, PAL-M/N, PAL-B/D/G/H/I Single 27 MHz Crystal/Clock Required ( 2 Oversampling) 75 dB Video SNR 32-Bit Direct Digital Synthesizer for Color Subcarrier Multistandard Video Output Support: Composite (CVBS) Component S-Video (Y/C) Component YUV and RGB Video Input Data Port Supports: CCIR-656 4:2:2 8-Bit Parallel Input Format 4:2:2 16-Bit Parallel Input Format SMPTE 170M NTSC-Compatible Composite Video ITU-R BT.470 PAL-Compatible Composite Video Full Video Output Drive or Low Signal Drive Capability 34.7 mA max into 37.5 (Doubly-Terminated 75R) 5 mA min with External Buffers Programmable Simultaneous Composite and S-VHS (VHS) Y/C or RGB (SCART)/YUV Video Outputs Programmable Luma Filters (Low-Pass/Notch/Extended) Programmable VBI (Vertical Blanking Interval)
Integrated Digital CCIR-601 to PAL/NTSC Video Encoder ADV7177/ADV7178
Programmable Subcarrier Frequency and Phase Programmable LUMA Delay Individual ON/OFF Control of Each DAC CCIR and Square Pixel Operation Color Signal Control/Burst Signal Control Interlaced/Noninterlaced Operation Complete On-Chip Video Timing Generator OSD Support (AD7177 Only) Programmable Multimode Master/Slave Operation Macrovision Antitaping Rev 7.01 (ADV7178 Only)** Closed Captioning Support Onboard Voltage Reference 2-Wire Serial MPU Interface (I2C (R) Compatible) Single Supply +5 V or +3 V Operation Small 44-Lead PQFP Package Synchronous 27 MHz/13.5 MHz Clock O/P APPLICATIONS MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Video, DVD, Digital Satellite/ Cable Systems (Set Top Boxes/IRDs), Digital TVs, CD Video/Karaoke, Video Games, PC Video/Multimedia GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADV7177/ADV7178 is an integrated digital video encoder that converts Digital CCIR-601 4:2:2 8- or 16-bit component video data into a standard analog baseband television signal
(Continued on page 11)
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VAA M U9 L T I9 P L E9 X E R
ADV7177 ONLY OSD_EN OSD_0 OSD_1 OSD_2 COLOR DATA P7-P0 P15-P8 4:2:2 TO 4:4:4 INTERPOLATOR 8
ADV7177/ADV7178
YUV TO RBG MATRIX
9-BIT DAC 9-BIT DAC 9-BIT DAC
DAC A (PIN 31) DAC B (PIN 27) DAC C (PIN 26)
8 YCrCb TO YUV MATRIX
ADD SYNC
8
INTERPOLATOR INTERPOLATOR INTERPOLATOR
8
Y LOW-PASS FILTER U 9 LOW-PASS FILTER V 9 LOW-PASS FILTER 9
9
8
8
ADD 8 BURST ADD 8 BURST
8
8
8
8
HSYNC FIELD/VSYNC BLANK VIDEO TIMING GENERATOR I 2 C MPU PORT
9
SIN/COS DDS BLOCK
VOLTAGE REFERENCE CIRCUIT
VREF RSET COMP
CLOCK CLOCK CLOCK/2
RESET
SCLOCK SDATA ALSB
GND
*Protected by U.S. Patent Numbers 5,343,196 and 5,442,355 and other intellectual property rights. **This device is protected by U.S. Patent Numbers 4,631,603, 4,577,216, 4,819,098 and other intellectual property rights. The Macrovision anticopy process is licensed for noncommercial home use only, which is its sole intended use in the device. Please contact sales office for latest Macrovision version available. NOTE: ITU-R and CCIR are used interchangeably in this document (ITU-R has replaced CCIR recommendations). I2C is a registered trademark of Philips Corporation.
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Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 (c) Analog Devices, Inc., 1998
ADV7177/ADV7178-SPECIFICATIONS
5 V SPECIFICATIONS (V
Parameter STATIC PERFORMANCE Resolution (Each DAC) Accuracy (Each DAC) Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity DIGITAL INPUTS3 Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL Input Current, IIN4 Input Current, IIN5 Input Capacitance, CIN DIGITAL OUTPUTS Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Three-State Leakage Current Three-State Output Capacitance ANALOG OUTPUTS Output Current6 Output Current7 DAC-to-DAC Matching Output Compliance, VOC Output Impedance, ROUT Output Capacitance, COUT VOLTAGE REFERENCE3 Reference Range, VREF POWER REQUIREMENTS VAA Low Power Mode IDAC (max)9 IDAC (min)9 ICCT10 Power Supply Rejection Ratio
3, 8 3 3 3
AA
= +5 V
5%1, VREF = 1.235 V, RSET = 300
Conditions1
. All specifications TMIN to TMAX2 unless otherwise noted.)
Min Typ Max 9 1.0 1.0 2 Units Bits LSB LSB V V A A pF V V A pF mA mA % V k pF V V mA mA mA %/%
Guaranteed Monotonic
VIN = 0.4 V or 2.4 V VIN = 0.4 V or 2.4 V 10 ISOURCE = 400 A ISINK = 3.2 mA 2.4
0.8 1 50
0.4 10 10
RSET = 300 , RL = 75
16.5
17.35 5 0.6 15
18.5 5 +1.4 30
0 IOUT = 0 mA IVREFOUT = 20 A 1.112 4.75 1.235 5.0 62 25 100 0.01
1.359 5.25
COMP = 0.1 F
150 0.5
NOTES 11 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. The max/min values are typical over 4.75 V to 5.25 V. 12 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 13 Guaranteed by characterization. 14 All digital input pins except pins RESET, OSD0 and CLOCK. 15 Excluding all digital input pins except pins RESET, OSD0 and CLOCK. 16 Full drive into 75 load. 17 Minimum drive current (used with buffered/scaled output load). 18 Power measurements are taken with Clock Frequency = 27 MHz. Max T J = 110C. 19 IDAC is the total current (min corresponds to 5 mA output per DAC, max corresponds to 18.5 mA output per DAC) to drive all three DACs. Turning off individual DACs reduces I DAC correspondingly. 10 ICCT (Circuit Current) is the continuous current required to drive the device. Specifications subject to change without notice.
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ADV7177/ADV7178 3.3 V SPECIFICATIONS (V
Parameter STATIC PERFORMANCE Resolution (Each DAC) Accuracy (Each DAC) Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL Input Current, IIN3, 4 Input Current, IIN3, 5 Input Capacitance, CIN DIGITAL OUTPUTS Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Three-State Leakage Current3 Three-State Output Capacitance3 ANALOG OUTPUTS3 Output Current6, 7 Output Current8 DAC-to-DAC Matching Output Compliance, VOC Output Impedance, ROUT Output Capacitance, COUT POWER REQUIREMENTS VAA Normal Power Mode IDAC (max)10 IDAC (min)10 ICCT9 Low Power Mode IDAC (max)10 IDAC (min)10 ICCT11 Power Supply Rejection Ratio
3, 9 3
AA
= +3.0 V-3.6 V1, VREF = 1.235 V, RSET = 300
Conditions1
. All specifications TMIN to TMAX2 unless otherwise noted.)
Min Typ Max 9 0.5 0.5 2 0.8 Units Bits LSB LSB V V A A pF V V A pF mA mA % V k pF V mA mA mA mA mA mA %/%
Guaranteed Monotonic
VIN = 0.4 V or 2.4 V VIN = 0.4 V or 2.4 V 10 ISOURCE = 400 A ISINK = 3.2 mA 2.4 0.4
1 50
10 10 RSET = 300 , RL = 75 16.5 17.35 5 2.0 15 IOUT = 0 mA 3.0 RSET = 300 , RL = 150 3.3 113 15 45 60 25 45 0.01 30 3.6 116 18.5
0
+1.4
COMP = 0.1 F
0.5
NOTES 11 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. The max/min values are typical over 3.0 V to 3.6 V. 12 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 13 Guaranteed by characterization. 14 All digital input pins except pins RESET, OSD0 and CLOCK. 15 Excluding all digital input pins except pins RESET, OSD0 and CLOCK. 16 Full drive into 75 load. 17 DACs can output 35 mA typically at 3.3 V (R SET = 150 and RL = 75 ), optimum performance obtained at 18 mA DAC current (R SET = 300 and RL = 150 ). 18 Minimum drive current (used with buffered/scaled output load). 19 Power measurements are taken with Clock Frequency = 27 MHz. Max T J = 110C. 10 IDAC is the total current (min corresponds to 5 mA output per DAC, max corresponds to 38 mA output per DAC) to drive all three DACs. Turning off individual DACs reduces IDAC correspondingly. 11 ICCT (Circuit Current) is the continuous current required to drive the device. Specifications subject to change without notice.
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ADV7177/ADV7178-SPECIFICATIONS
5 V DYNAMIC SPECIFICATIONS1 unless otherwise noted.)
Parameter Filter Characteristics Luma Bandwidth3 (Low-Pass Filter) Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Chroma Bandwidth Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Luma Bandwidth3 (Low-Pass Filter) Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Chroma Bandwidth Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Differential Gain4 Differential Phase4 SNR4 (Pedestal) SNR4 (Ramp) Hue Accuracy4 Color Saturation Accuracy4 Chroma Nonlinear Gain4 Chroma Nonlinear Phase4 Chroma/Luma Intermod4 Chroma/Luma Gain Ineq4 Chroma/Luma Delay Ineq4 Luminance Nonlinearity4 Chroma AM Noise4 Chroma PM Noise4
NOTES 1 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. The max/min values are typical over 4.75 V to 5.25 V. 2 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 3 These specifications are for the low-pass filter only and guaranteed by design. For other internal filters, see Figure 5. 4 Guaranteed by characterization. Specifications subject to change without notice.
(VAA = +4.75 V - 5.25 V1, VREF = 1.235 V, RSET = 300
Min
. All specifications TMIN to TMAX2
Max Units
Conditions1 NTSC Mode >54 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation NTSC Mode >40 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation PAL MODE >50 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation PAL MODE >40 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation Lower Power Mode Lower Power Mode RMS Peak Periodic RMS Peak Periodic
Typ
7.0 4.2 3.2 2.0 7.4 5.0 4.0 2.4 2.0 1.5 75 70 57 56 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 2.0 1.2 64 62
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz % Degrees dB rms dB p-p dB rms dB p-p Degrees % % Degrees Degrees % % % ns % dB dB
Referenced to 40 IRE NTSC PAL Referenced to 714 mV (NTSC) Referenced to 700 mV (PAL)
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ADV7177/ADV7178 3.3 V DYNAMIC SPECIFICATIONS
Parameter Filter Characteristics Luma Bandwidth3 (Low-Pass Filter) Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Chroma Bandwidth Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Luma Bandwidth3 (Low-Pass Filter) Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Chroma Bandwidth Stopband Cutoff Passband Cutoff F3 dB Differential Gain4 Differential Phase4 SNR4 (Pedestal) SNR4 (Ramp) Hue Accuracy4 Color Saturation Accuracy4 Luminance Nonlinearity4 Chroma AM Noise4 Chroma PM Noise4 Chroma AM Noise4 Chroma PM Noise4
2 1 (VAA = +3.0 V - 3.6 V , VREF = 1.235 V, RSET = 300 . All specifications TMIN to TMAX 1
unless otherwise noted.)
Conditions1 NTSC Mode >54 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation NTSC Mode >40 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation PAL MODE >50 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation PAL MODE >40 dB Attenuation >3 dB Attenuation Normal Power Mode Normal Power Mode RMS Peak Periodic RMS Peak Periodic
Min
Typ
Max
Units
7.0 4.2 3.2 2.0 7.4 5.0 4.0 2.4 1.0 1.0 70 64 56 54 1.2 1.4 1.4 64 62 64 62
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz % Degrees dB rms dB p-p dB rms dB p-p Degrees % % dB dB dB dB
NTSC NTSC PAL PAL
NOTES 1 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. The max/min values are typical over 3.0 V to 3.6 V. 2 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 3 These specifications are for the low-pass filter only and guaranteed by design. For other internal filters, see Figure 5. 4 Guaranteed by characterization. Specifications subject to change without notice.
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-5-
ADV7177/ADV7178 (V = 4.75 V - 5.25 V , V 5 V TIMING SPECIFICATIONS otherwise noted.)
AA 1
REF
= 1.235 V, RSET = 300
. All specifications TMIN to TMAX2 unless
Min 0 4.0 4.7 4.0 4.7 250 Typ Max 100 Units kHz s s s s ns s ns s ns ns
Parameter MPU PORT SCLOCK Frequency SCLOCK High Pulsewidth, t1 SCLOCK Low Pulsewidth, t2 Hold Time (Start Condition), t3 Setup Time (Start Condition), t4 Data Setup Time, t5 SDATA, SCLOCK Rise Time, t6 SDATA, SCLOCK Fall Time, t7 Setup Time (Stop Condition), t8 ANALOG OUTPUTS Analog Output Delay DAC Analog Output Skew CLOCK CONTROL AND PIXEL PORT3, 6 fCLOCK Clock High Time, t9 Clock Low Time, t10 Data Setup Time, t11 Data Hold Time, t12 Control Setup Time, t11 Control Hold Time, t12 Digital Output Access Time, t13 Digital Output Hold Time, t14 Pipeline Delay, t15 RESET CONTROL3, 4 RESET Low Time INTERNAL CLOCK CONTROL Clock/2 Rise Time, t16 Clock/2 Fall Time, t17 OSD TIMING4 OSD Setup Time, t18 OSD Hold Time, t19
3, 5 3, 4
Conditions
After This Period the First Clock Is Generated Relevant for Repeated Start Condition
1 300 4.7 5 0
27 8 8 3.5 4 4 3 24 4 37 6 7 7 6 2
MHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Clock Cycles ns ns ns ns ns
NOTES 1 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. 2 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 3 TTL input values are 0 to 3 volts, with input rise/fall times 3 ns, measured between the 10% and 90% points. Timing reference points at 50% for inputs and outputs. Analog output load 10 pF. 4 Guaranteed by characterization. 5 Output delay measured from the 50% point of the rising edge of CLOCK to the 50% point of full-scale transition. 6 Pixel Port consists of the following: Pixel Inputs: P15-P0 Pixel Controls: HSYNC, FIELD/VSYNC, BLANK Clock Input: CLOCK Specifications subject to change without notice.
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ADV7177/ADV7178 3.3 V TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
Parameter MPU PORT SCLOCK Frequency SCLOCK High Pulsewidth, t1 SCLOCK Low Pulsewidth, t2 Hold Time (Start Condition), t3 Setup Time (Start Condition), t4 Data Setup Time, t5 SDATA, SCLOCK Rise Time, t6 SDATA, SCLOCK Fall Time, t7 Setup Time (Stop Condition), t8 ANALOG OUTPUTS Analog Output Delay DAC Analog Output Skew CLOCK CONTROL AND PIXEL PORT3, 4, 6 fCLOCK Clock High Time, t9 Clock Low Time, t10 Data Setup Time, t11 Data Hold Time, t12 Control Setup Time, t11 Control Hold Time, t12 Digital Output Access Time, t13 Digital Output Hold Time, t14 Pipeline Delay, t15 RESET CONTROL3, 4 RESET Low Time INTERNAL CLOCK CONTROL Clock/2 Rise Time, t16 Clock/2 Fall Time, t17 OSD TIMING4 OSD Setup Time, t18 OSD Hold Time, t19
3, 5 3, 4
(VAA = +3.0 V-3.6 V , VREF = 1.235 V, RSET = 300 otherwise noted.)
1
. All specifications TMIN to TMAX2 unless
Min 0 4.0 4.7 4.0 4.7 250 Typ Max 100 Units kHz s s s s ns s ns s ns ns
Conditions
After This Period the First Clock Is Generated Repeated for Start Condition
1 300 4.7 7 0
27 8 8 3.5 4 4 3 24 4 37 6 10 10 10 2
MHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Clock Cycles ns ns ns ns ns
NOTES 1 The max/min specifications are guaranteed over this range. 2 Temperature range T MIN to TMAX: 0C to +70C. 3 TTL input values are 0 to 3 volts, with input rise/fall times 3 ns, measured between the 10% and 90% points. Timing reference points at 50% for inputs and outputs. Analog output load 10 pF. 4 Guaranteed by characterization. 5 Output delay measured from the 50% point of the rising edge of CLOCK to the 50% point of full-scale transition. 6 Pixel Port consists of the following: Pixel Inputs: P15-P0 Pixel Controls: HSYNC, FIELD/VSYNC, BLANK Clock Input: CLOCK Specifications subject to change without notice.
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ADV7177/ADV7178
t5 t3
SDATA
t3
t6 t1
SCLOCK
t2
t7
t4
t8
Figure 1. MPU Port Timing Diagram
CLOCK
t9
CONTROL I/PS HSYNC, FIELD/VSYNC, BLANK
t10
t12
PIXEL INPUT DATA
Cb
Y
Cr
Y
Cb
Y
t11
CONTROL O/PS HSYNC, FIELD/VSYNC, BLANK
t13
t14
Figure 2. Pixel and Control Data Timing Diagram
t16
CLOCK
t17
CLOCK/2
t16
CLOCK
t17
CLOCK/2
Figure 3. Internal Timing Diagram
t18
CLOCK
t19
OSD EN
OSD0-2
Figure 4. OSD Timing Diagram
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ADV7177/ADV7178
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1 PACKAGE THERMAL PERFORMANCE
VAA to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V Voltage on Any Digital Input Pin . . GND - 0.5 V to VAA + 0.5 V Storage Temperature (TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to +150C Junction Temperature (TJ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . +260C Analog Outputs to GND2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GND - 0.5 to VAA
NOTES 1 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 Analog output short circuit to any power supply or common can be of an indefinite duration.
The 44-lead PQFP package used for this device has a junctionto-ambient thermal resistance (JA) in still air on a four-layer PCB of 53.2C/W. The junction-to-case thermal resistance (JC) is 18.8C/W. Care must be taken when operating the part in certain conditions to prevent overheating. Table I illustrates what conditions are to be used when using the part.
Table I. Allowable Operating Conditions for ADV7177/ ADV7178 in 44-Lead PQFP Package
Condition 3 DACs ON, Double 75R 3 DACs ON, Low Power2 3 DACs ON, Buffered3 2 DACs ON, Double 75R 2 DACs ON, Low Power 2 DACs ON, Buffered
1
5V No Yes Yes No Yes Yes
3V Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
ORDERING GUIDE
Model ADV7178KS ADV7177KS
Temperature Package Range Description 0C to +70C 0C to +70C
Package Option
Plastic Quad Flatpack S-44 Plastic Quad Flatpack S-44
NOTES 1 DAC ON, Double 75R refers to a condition where the DACs are terminated into a double 75R load and low power mode is disabled. 2 DAC ON, Low Power refers to a condition where the DACs are terminated in a double 75R load and low power mode is enabled. 3 DAC ON, Buffered refers to a condition where the DAC current is reduced to 5 mA and external buffers are used to drive the video loads.
PIN CONFIGURATION
CLOCK CLOCK OSD_1 OSD_2 OSD_0
33 RSET 32 VREF 31 DAC A 30 VAA 29 GND 28 VAA 27 DAC B 26 DAC C 25 COMP 24 SDATA 23 SCLOCK
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
GND
P4
P2
P3
P1 ALSB
44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
VAA 1 CLOCK/2 2 P5 3 P6 4 P7 5 P8 6 P9 7 P10 8 P11 9 P12 10 OSD_EN 11
PIN 1 IDENTIFIER
ADV7177/ADV7178 PQFP
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale)
P13
FIELD/VSYNC
P15
P0
GND
GND
P14
VAA
CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the ADV7177/ADV7178 feature proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, pr oper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
BLANK
HSYNC
RESET
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
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ADV7177/ADV7178
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Pin No. 1, 20, 28, 30 2 3-10, 12-14, 37-41 11 15 16
Mnemonic VAA CLOCK/2 P15-P0 OSD_EN HSYNC FIELD/VSYNC
Input/ Output P O I I I/O I/O
Function +5 V Supply. Synchronous Clock output signal. Can be either 27 MHz or 13.5 MHz; this can be controlled by MR32 and MR33 in Mode Register 3. 8-Bit 4:2:2 Multiplexed YCrCb Pixel Port (P7-P0) or 16-Bit YCrCb Pixel Port (P15-P0). P0 represents the LSB. Enables OSD input data on the video outputs. HSYNC (Modes 1 and 2) Control Signal. This pin may be configured to output (Master Mode) or accept (Slave Mode) Sync signals. Dual Function FIELD (Mode 1) and VSYNC (Mode 2) Control Signal. This pin may be configured to output (Master Mode) or accept (Slave Mode) these control signals. Video Blanking Control Signal. The pixel inputs are ignored when this is Logic Level "0." This signal is optional. TTL Address Input. This signal sets up the LSB of the MPU address. Ground Pin. The input resets the on-chip timing generator and sets the ADV7177/ADV7178 into default mode. This is NTSC operation, Timing Slave Mode 0, 8-Bit Operation, 2 x Composite and S VHS out. MPU Port Serial Interface Clock Input. MPU Port Serial Data Input/Output. Compensation Pin. Connect a 0.1 F Capacitor from COMP to VAA. DAC C Analog Output. DAC B Analog Output. DAC A Analog Output. Voltage Reference Input for DACs or Voltage Reference Output (1.2 V). A 300 resistor connected from this pin to GND is used to control full-scale amplitudes of the Video Signals. On Screen Display Inputs. Crystal Oscillator output (to crystal). Leave unconnected if no crystal is used. Crystal Oscillator input. If no crystal is used this pin can be driven by an external TTL Clock source; it requires a stable 27 MHz reference Clock for standard operation. Alternatively, a 24.52 MHz (NTSC) or 29.5 MHz (PAL) can be used for square pixel operation.
17 18 19, 21, 29, 42 22
BLANK ALSB GND RESET
I/O I G I
23 24 25 26 27 31 32 33 34-36 43 44
SCLOCK SDATA COMP DAC C DAC B DAC A VREF RSET OSD_0-2 CLOCK CLOCK
I I/O O O O O I/O I I O I
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ADV7177/ADV7178
(Continued from page 1)
compatible with worldwide standards. The 4:2:2 YUV video data is interpolated to two times the pixel rate. The colordifference components (UV) are quadrature modulated using a subcarrier frequency generated by an on-chip 32-bit digital synthesizer (also running at two times the pixel rate). The two times pixel rate sampling allows for better signal-to-noise ratio. A 32-bit DDS with a 9-bit look-up table produces a superior subcarrier in terms of both frequency and phase. In addition to the composite output signal, there is the facility to output S-Video (Y/C) video, YUV or RGB video. Each analog output is capable of driving the full video-level (34.7 mA) signal into an unbuffered, doubly terminated 75 load. With external buffering, the user has the additional option to scale back the DAC output current to 5 mA min, thereby significantly reducing the power dissipation of the device. The ADV7177/ADV7178 also supports both PAL and NTSC square pixel operation. The output video frames are synchronized with the incoming data timing reference codes. Optionally, the encoder accepts (and can generate) HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD timing signals. These timing signals can be adjusted to change pulsewidth and position while the part is in the master mode. The encoder requires a single two times pixel rate (27 MHz) clock for standard operation. Alternatively, the encoder requires a 24.54 MHz clock for NTSC or 29.5 MHz clock for PAL square pixel mode operation. All internal timing is generated on-chip. The ADV7177/ADV7178 modes are set up over a two-wire serial bidirectional port (I2C-Compatible) with two slave addresses. Functionally the ADV7178 and ADV7177 are the same with the exception that the ADV7178 can output the Macrovision anticopy algorithm, and OSD is only supported on the ADV7177. The ADV7177/ADV7178 is packaged in a 44-lead thermally enhanced PQFP package.
DATA PATH DESCRIPTION
three data paths. Y typically has a range of 16 to 235, Cr and Cb typically have a range of 128 112; however, it is possible to input data from 1 to 254 on both Y, Cb and Cr. The ADV7177/ADV7178 supports PAL (B, D, G, H, I, N, M) and NTSC (with and without Pedestal) standards. The appropriate SYNC, BLANK and Burst levels are added to the YCrCb data. Macrovision antitaping (ADV7178 only), closed captioning, OSD (ADV7177 only), and teletext levels are also added to Y, and the resultant data is interpolated to a rate of 27 MHz. The interpolated data is filtered and scaled by three digital FIR filters. The U and V signals are modulated by the appropriate subcarrier sine/cosine phases and added together to make up the chrominance signal. The luma (Y) signal can be delayed 1-3 luma cycles (each cycle is 74 ns) with respect to the chroma signal. The luma and chroma signals are then added together to make up the composite video signal. All edges are slew rate limited. The YCrCb data is also used to generate RGB data with appropriate SYNC and BLANK levels. The RGB data is in synchronization with the composite video output. Alternatively analog YUV data can be generated instead of RGB. The three 9-bit DACs can be used to output: 1. 2. 3. 3. RGB Video. YUV Video One Composite Video Signal + LUMA and CHROMA (S-Video).
Alternatively, each DAC can be individually powered off if not required. Video output levels are illustrated in Appendix 3, Appendix 4 and Appendix 5.
INTERNAL FILTER RESPONSE
For PAL B, D, G, H, I, M, N and NTSC M, N modes, YCrCb 4:2:2 data is input via the CCIR-656 compatible pixel port at a 27 MHz data rate. The pixel data is demultiplexed to from
PASSBAND CUTOFF (MHz) 2.3 3.4 1.0 1.4 4.0 2.3 3.4
The Y filter supports several different frequency responses, including two 4.5 MHz/5.0 MHz low-pass responses, PAL/ NTSC subcarrier notch responses and a PAL/NTSC extended response. The U and V filters have a 2/2.4 MHz low-pass response for NTSC/PAL. These filter characteristics are illustrated in Figures 7 to 13.
FILTER SELECTION NTSC PAL NTSC PAL NTSC/PAL NTSC PAL MR04 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 MR03 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
PASSBAND RIPPLE (dB) 0.026 0.098 0.085 0.107 0.150 0.054 0.106
STOPBAND CUTOFF (MHz) 7.0 7.3 3.57 4.43 7.5 7.0 7.3
STOPBAND ATTENUATION (dB)
F3 dB 4.2 5.0 2.1 2.7 5.35 4.2 5.0
>54 >50 >27.6 >29.3 >40 >54 >50.3
Figure 5. Luminance Internal Filter Specifications
PASSBAND CUTOFF (MHz) 1.0 1.3 PASSBAND RIPPLE (dB) 0.085 0.04 STOPBAND CUTOFF (MHz) 3.2 4.0 STOPBAND ATTENUATION (dB) ATTENUATION @ 1.3MHz (dB) 0.3 0.02
FILTER SELECTION NTSC PAL
F3 dB 2.05 2.45
>40 >40
Figure 6. Chrominance Internal Filter Specifications
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ADV7177/ADV7178
0 0 -10 TYPE A -10
AMPLITUDE - dB
AMPLITUDE - dB
TYPE B
-20
-20
-30
-30
-40
-40
-50
-50
-60
0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
-60 0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
Figure 7. NTSC Low-Pass Filter
Figure 10. PAL Notch Filter
0
0
-10
-10
AMPLITUDE - dB
AMPLITUDE - dB
-20
-20
-30
-30
-40
-40
-50
-50
-60 0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
-60 0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
Figure 8. NTSC Notch Filter
Figure 11. NTSC/PAL Extended Mode Filter
0
0
-10 TYPE A
-10
AMPLITUDE - dB
-30
AMPLITUDE - dB
TYPE B 2 4 6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz 10 12
-20
-20
-30
-40
-40
-50
-50
-60 0
-60 0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
Figure 9. PAL Low-Pass Filter
Figure 12. NTSC UV Filter
-12-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
0
16-Bit YCrCb Mode
-10
AMPLITUDE - dB
-20
This mode accepts Y inputs through the P7-P0 pixel inputs and multiplexed CrCb inputs through the P15-P8 pixel inputs. The data is loaded on every second rising edge of CLOCK. The inputs follow the sequence Cb0, Y0 Cr0, Y1 Cb1, Y2, etc.
OSD
-30
-40
-50
-60 0
2
4
6 8 FREQUENCY - MHz
10
12
The ADV7177 supports OSD. There are twelve 8-bit OSD registers, loaded with data from the four most significant bits of Y, Cb, Cr input pixel data bytes. A choice of eight colors can, therefore, be selected via the OSD_0, OSD_1, OSD_2 pins, each color being a combination of 12 bits of Y, Cb, Cr pixel data. The display is under control of the OSD_EN pin. The OSD window can be an entire screen or just one pixel, its size may change by using the OSD_EN signal to control the width on a line-by-line basis. Figure 4 illustrates OSD timing on the ADV7177.
SUBCARRIER RESET
Figure 13. PAL UV Filter
COLOR BAR GENERATION
The ADV7177/ADV7178 can be configured to generate 75% amplitude, 75% saturation (75/7.5/75/7.5) for NTSC or 75% amplitude, 100% saturation (100/0/75/0) for PAL color bars. These are enabled by setting MR17 of Mode Register 1 to Logic "1."
SQUARE PIXEL MODE
The ADV7177/ADV7178 can be used in subcarrier reset mode. The subcarrier will reset to Field 0 at the start of the following field when a low to high transition occurs on this input pin.
VIDEO TIMING DESCRIPTION
The ADV7177/ADV7178 can be used to operate in square pixel mode. For NTSC operation an input clock of 24.5454 MHz is required. Alternatively an input clock of 29.5 MHz is required for PAL operation. The internal timing logic adjusts accordingly for square pixel mode operation.
COLOR SIGNAL CONTROL
The color information can be switched on and off the video output using Bit MR24 of Mode Register 2.
BURST SIGNAL CONTROL
The ADV7177/ADV7178 is intended to interface to offthe-shelf MPEG1 and MPEG2 decoders. Consequently, the ADV7177/ADV7178 accepts 4:2:2 YCrCb pixel data via a CCIR-656 pixel port, and has several video timing modes of operation that allow it to be configured as either system master video timing generator or a slave to the system video timing generator. The ADV7177/ADV7178 generates all of the required horizontal and vertical timing periods and levels for the analog video outputs. The ADV7177/ADV7178 calculates the width and placement of analog sync pulses, blanking levels and color burst envelopes. Color bursts are disabled on appropriate lines, and serration and equalization pulses are inserted where required. In addition, the ADV7177/ADV7178 supports a PAL or NTSC square pixel operation in slave mode. The part requires an input pixel clock of 24.5454 MHz for NTSC and an input pixel clock of 29.5 MHz for PAL. The internal horizontal line counters place the various video waveform sections in the correct location for the new clock frequencies. The ADV7177/ADV7178 has four distinct master and four distinct slave timing configurations. Timing Control is established with the bidirectional SYNC, BLANK and FIELD/ VSYNC pins. Timing Mode Register 1 can also be used to vary the timing pulsewidths and where they occur in relation to each other.
The burst information can be switched on and off the video output using Bit MR25 of Mode Register 2.
NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL
The pedestal on both odd and even fields can be controlled on a line-by-line basis using the NTSC Pedestal Control Registers. This allows the pedestals to be controlled during the vertical blanking interval (Lines 10 to 25 and Lines 273 to 288).
PIXEL TIMING DESCRIPTION
The ADV7177/ADV7178 can operate in either 8-bit or 16-bit YCrCb Mode.
8-Bit YCrCb Mode
This default mode accepts multiplexed YCrCb inputs through the P7-P0 pixel inputs. The inputs follow the sequence Cb0, Y0 Cr0, Y1 Cb1, Y2, etc. The Y, Cb and Cr data are input on a rising clock edge.
REV. 0
-13-
ADV7177/ADV7178
Vertical Blanking Data Insertion
It is possible to allow encoding of incoming YCbCr data on those lines of VBI that do not bear line sync or pre-/post-equalization pulses (see Figures 14 to 25). This mode of operation is called "Partial Blanking" and is selected by setting MR31 to 1. It allows the insertion of any VBI data (Opened VBI) into the encoded output waveform. This data is present in digitized incoming YCbCr data stream (e.g., WSS data, CGMS, VPS, etc.). Alternatively, the entire VBI may be blanked (no VBI data inserted) on these lines by setting MR31 to 0. The complete VBI comprises of the following lines: 525/60 Systems, Lines 525 to 21 for Field 1 and Lines 262 to Line 284 for Field 2. 625/50 Systems, Lines 624 to Line 22 and Lines 311 to 335. The "Opened VBI" consists of: 525/60 Systems, Lines 10 to 21 for Field 1 and second half of Line 273 to Line 284 for Field 2. 625/50 Systems, Line 7 to Line 22 and Lines 319 to 335.
Mode 0 (CCIR-656): Slave Option
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 0 0 0) The ADV7177/ADV7178 is controlled by the SAV (Start Active Video) and EAV (End Active Video) time codes in the pixel data. All timing information is transmitted using a 4-byte synchronization pattern. A synchronization pattern is sent immediately before and after each line during active picture and retrace. Mode 0 is illustrated in Figure 14. The HSYNC, FIELD/VSYNC and BLANK (if not used) pins should be tied high during this mode.
ANALOG VIDEO
EAV CODE INPUT PIXELS C F00X8181 Y Y r F00Y0000 0FFAAA 0FFBBB ANCILLARY DATA (HANC) 268 CLOCK 4 CLOCK 280 CLOCK END OF ACTIVE VIDEO LINE
SAV CODE C C 8 1 8 1 F 0 0X CY CYC YrYb b 0000F00Yb r
NTSC/PAL M SYSTEM (525 LlNES/60Hz) PAL SYSTEM (625 LINES/50Hz)
4 CLOCK
4 CLOCK 1440 CLOCK 4 CLOCK 1440 CLOCK START OF ACTIVE VIDEO LINE
Figure 14. Timing Mode 0 (Slave Mode)
Mode 0 (CCIR-656): Master Option
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 0 0 1) The ADV7177/ADV7178 generates H, V and F signals required for the SAV (Start Active Video) and EAV (End Active Video) time codes in the CCIR-656 standard. The H bit is output on the HSYNC pin, the V bit is output on the BLANK pin, and the F bit is output on the FIELD/VSYNC pin. Mode 0 is illustrated in Figure 15 (NTSC) and Figure 16 (PAL). The H, V and F transitions relative to the video waveform are illustrated in Figure 17.
-14-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK DISPLAY
522 H
523
524
525
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
20
21
22
V
F
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
260 H
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
283
284
285
V
F
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 15. Timing Mode 0 (NTSC Master Mode)
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
622 H V
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21
22
23
F
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
309 H
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
334
335
336
V F ODD FIELD EVEN FIELD
Figure 16. Timing Mode 0 (PAL Master Mode)
REV. 0
-15-
ADV7177/ADV7178
ANALOG VIDEO
H
F
V
Figure 17. Timing Mode 0 Data Transitions (Master Mode)
Mode 1: Slave Option HSYNC, BLANK, FIELD
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 0 1 0) In this mode the ADV7177/ADV7178 accepts horizontal SYNC and Odd/Even FIELD signals. A transition of the FIELD input when HSYNC is low indicates a new frame, i.e., vertical retrace. The BLANK signal is optional. When the BLANK input is disabled, the ADV7177/ADV7178 automatically blanks all normally blank lines. Mode 1 is illustrated in Figure 18 (NTSC) and Figure 19 (PAL).
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK DISPLAY
522 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
523
524
525
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
20
21
22
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
260 HSYNC
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
283
284
285
BLANK
FIELD
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 18. Timing Mode 1 (NTSC)
-16-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK DISPLAY
622 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21
22
23
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
309 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
334
335
336
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 19. Timing Mode 1 (PAL)
Mode 1: Master Option HSYNC, BLANK, FIELD
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 0 1 1) In this mode the ADV7177/ADV7178 can generate horizontal SYNC and Odd/Even FIELD signals. A transition of the FIELD input when HSYNC is low indicates a new frame, i.e., vertical retrace. The BLANK signal is optional. When the BLANK input is disabled, the ADV7177/ADV7178 automatically blanks all normally blank lines. Pixel data is latched on the rising clock edge following the timing signal transitions. Mode 1 is illustrated in Figure 18 (NTSC) and Figure 19 (PAL). Figure 20 illustrates the HSYNC, BLANK and FIELD for an odd or even field transition relative to the pixel data.
HSYNC
FIELD
PAL = 12 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 16 * CLOCK/2 BLANK
PIXEL DATA
Cb
Y
Cr
Y
PAL = 132 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 122 * CLOCK/2
Figure 20. Timing Mode 1 Odd/Even Field Transitions Master/Slave
REV. 0
-17-
ADV7177/ADV7178
Mode 2: Slave Option HSYNC, VSYNC, BLANK
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 1 0 0) In this mode the ADV7177/ADV7178 accepts horizontal and vertical SYNC signals. A coincident low transition of both HSYNC and VSYNC inputs indicates the start of an odd field. A VSYNC low transition when HSYNC is high indicates the start of an even field. The BLANK signal is optional. When the BLANK input is disabled, the ADV7177/ADV7178 automatically blanks all normally blank lines as per CCIR-624. Mode 2 is illustrated in Figure 21 (NTSC) and Figure 22 (PAL).
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK DISPLAY
522 HSYNC BLANK VSYNC
523
524
525
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
20
21
22
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY
VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
260 HSYNC
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
283
284
285
BLANK VSYNC
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 21. Timing Mode 2 (NTSC)
DISPLAY
VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
622 HSYNC BLANK VSYNC
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21
22
23
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
309 HSYNC BLANK VSYNC
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
334
335
336
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 22. Timing Mode 2 (PAL)
-18-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
Mode 2: Master Option HSYNC, VSYNC, BLANK
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 1 0 1) In this mode, the ADV7177/ADV7178 can generate horizontal and vertical SYNC signals. A coincident low transition of both HSYNC and VSYNC inputs indicates the start of an Odd Field. A VSYNC low transition when HSYNC is high indicates the start of an even field. The BLANK signal is optional. When the BLANK input is disabled, the ADV7177/ADV7178 automatically blanks all normally blank lines as per CCIR-624. Mode 2 is illustrated in Figure 21 (NTSC) and Figure 22 (PAL). Figure 23 illustrates the HSYNC, BLANK and VSYNC for an even-to-odd field transition relative to the pixel data. Figure 24 illustrates the HSYNC, BLANK and VSYNC for an odd-to-even field transition relative to the pixel data.
HSYNC
VSYNC
PAL = 12 * CLOCK/2 BLANK NTSC = 16 * CLOCK/2
PIXEL DATA PAL = 132 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 122 * CLOCK/2
Cb
Y
Cr
Figure 23. Timing Mode 2 Even-to-Odd Field Transition Master/Slave
HSYNC
VSYNC PAL = 12 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 16 * CLOCK/2 BLANK PAL = 864 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 858 * CLOCK/2
PIXEL DATA PAL = 132 * CLOCK/2 NTSC = 122 * CLOCK/2
Cb
Y
Cr
Y
Cb
Figure 24. Timing Mode 2 Odd-to-Even Field Transition Master/Slave
REV. 0
-19-
ADV7177/ADV7178
Mode 3: Master/Slave Option HSYNC, BLANK, FIELD
(Timing Register 0 TR0 = X X X X X 1 1 0 or X X X X X 1 1 1) In this mode, the ADV7177/ADV7178 accepts or generates Horizontal SYNC and Odd/Even FIELD signals. A transition of the FIELD input when HSYNC is high indicates a new frame, i.e., vertical retrace. The BLANK signal is optional. When the BLANK input is disabled, the ADV7177/ADV7178 automatically blanks all normally blank lines as per CCIR-624. Mode 3 is illustrated in Figure 25 (NTSC) and Figure 26 (PAL).
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK DISPLAY
522 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
523
524
525
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
20
21
22
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
260 HSYNC
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
283
284
285
BLANK
FIELD
ODD FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 25. Timing Mode 3 (NTSC)
DISPLAY
VERTICAL BLANK
DISPLAY
622 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21
22
23
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
DISPLAY
DISPLAY VERTICAL BLANK
309 HSYNC BLANK FIELD
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
334
335
336
EVEN FIELD
ODD FIELD
Figure 26. Timing Mode 3 (PAL)
-20-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
OUTPUT VIDEO TIMING
The video timing generator generates the appropriate SYNC, BLANK and BURST sequence that controls the output analog waveforms. These sequences are summarized below. In slave modes, the following sequences are synchronized with the input timing control signals. In master modes, the timing generator free runs and generates the following sequences in addition to the output timing control signals. NTSC-Interlaced: Scan Lines 1-9 and 264-272 are always blanked and vertical sync pulses are included. Scan Lines 525, 10-21 and 262, 263, 273-284 are also blanked and can be used for closed captioning data. Burst is disabled on lines 1-6, 261- 269 and 523-525. NTSC-Noninterlaced: Scan Lines 1-9 are always blanked, and vertical sync pulses are included. Scan Lines 10-21 are also blanked and can be used for closed captioning data. Burst is disabled on Lines 1-6, 261-262. PAL-Interlaced: Scan Lines 1-6, 311-318 and 624-625 are always blanked, and vertical sync pulses are included in Fields 1, 2, 5 and 6. Scan Lines 1-5, 311-319 and 624-625 are always blanked, and vertical sync pulses are included in Fields 3, 4, 7 and 8. The remaining scan lines in the vertical blanking interval are also blanked and can be used for teletext data. Burst is disabled on Lines 1-6, 311-318 and 623-625 in Fields 1, 2, 5 and 6. Burst is disabled on Lines 1-5, 311-319 and 623-625 in Fields 3, 4, 7 and 8. PAL-Noninterlaced: Scan Lines 1-6 and 311-312 are always blanked, and vertical sync pulses are included. The remaining scan lines in the vertical blanking interval are also blanked and can be used for teletext data. Burst is disabled on Lines 1-5, 310-312.
POWER-ON RESET
this configuration the SCH phase will never be reset, which means that the output video will now track the unstable input video. The subcarrier phase reset, when applied, will reset the SCH phase to Field 0 at the start of the next field (e.g., subcarrier phase reset applied in Field 5 [PAL] on the start of the next field SCH phase will be reset to Field 0).
MPU PORT DESCRIPTION
The ADV7178 and ADV7177 support a two-wire serial (I2CCompatible) microprocessor bus driving multiple peripherals. Two inputs, serial data (SDATA) and serial clock (SCLOCK), carry information between any device connected to the bus. Each slave device is recognized by a unique address. The ADV7178 and ADV7177 each have four possible slave addresses for both read and write operations. These are unique addresses for each device and are illustrated in Figure 27 and Figure 28. The LSB sets either a read or write operation. Logic Level "1" corresponds to a read operation, while Logic Level "0" corresponds to a write operation. A1 is set by setting the ALSB pin of the ADV7177/ADV7178 to Logic Level "0" or Logic Level "1."
0 0 0 1 0 1 A1 ADDRESS CONTROL SET UP BY ALSB READ/WRITE CONTROL 0 1 WRITE READ X
Figure 27. ADV7178 Slave Address
1 1 1 1 0 1 A1 ADDRESS CONTROL SET UP BY ALSB READ/WRITE CONTROL 0 1 WRITE READ X
After power-up, it is necessary to execute a reset operation. A reset occurs on the falling edge of a high-to-low transition on the RESET pin. This initializes the pixel port so that the pixel inputs, P7-P0 are selected. After reset, the ADV7177/ ADV7178 is automatically set up to operate in NTSC mode. Subcarrier frequency code 21F07C16HEX is loaded into the subcarrier frequency registers. All other registers, with the exception of Mode Register 0, are set to 00H. All bits in Mode Register 0 are set to Logic Level "0" except Bit MR02. Bit MR02 of Mode Register 0 is set to Logic Level "1." This enables the 7.5 IRE pedestal.
SCH Phase Mode
Figure 28. ADV7177 Slave Address
The SCH phase is configured in default mode to reset every four (NTSC) or eight (PAL) fields to avoid an accumulation of SCH phase error over time. In an ideal system, zero SCH phase error would be maintained forever, but in reality, this is impossible to achieve due to clock frequency variations. This effect is reduced by the use of a 32-bit DDS, which generates this SCH. Resetting the SCH phase every four or eight fields avoids the accumulation of SCH phase error, and results in very minor SCH phase jumps at the start of the four or eight field sequence. Resetting the SCH phase should not be done if the video source does not have stable timing or the ADV7177/ADV7178 is configured in RTC mode (MR21 = 1 and MR22 = 1). Under these conditions (unstable video) the subcarrier phase reset should be enabled MR22 = 0 and MR21 = 1) but no reset applied. In REV. 0
To control the various devices on the bus, the following protocol must be followed: First, the master initiates a data transfer by establishing a start condition, defined by a high-to-low transition on SDATA while SCLOCK remains high. This indicates that an address/data stream will follow. All peripherals respond to the start condition and shift the next eight bits (7-bit address + R/W bit). The bits transfer from MSB down to LSB. The peripheral that recognizes the transmitted address responds by pulling the data line low during the ninth clock pulse. This is known as an acknowledge bit. All other devices withdraw from the bus at this point and maintain an idle condition. The idle condition is where the device monitors the SDATA and SCLOCK lines waiting for the start condition and the correct transmitted address. The R/W bit determines the direction of the data. A Logic "0" on the LSB of the first byte means that the master will write information to the peripheral. A Logic "1" on the LSB of the first byte means that the master will read information from the peripheral.
-21-
ADV7177/ADV7178
The ADV7177/ADV7178 acts as a standard slave device on the bus. The data on the SDATA pin is 8 bits long, supporting the 7-bit addresses, plus the R/W bit. The ADV7178 has 36 subaddresses and the ADV7177 has 31 subaddresses to enable access to the internal registers. It therefore interprets the first byte as the device address and the second byte as the starting subaddress. The subaddresses auto increment allows data to be written to or read from the starting subaddress. A data transfer is always terminated by a stop condition. The user can also access any unique subaddress register on a one-by-one basis without having to update all the registers. There is one exception. The subcarrier frequency registers should be updated in sequence, starting with Subcarrier Frequency Register 0. The auto increment function should then be used to increment and access Subcarrier Frequency Registers 1, 2 and 3. The subcarrier frequency registers should not be accessed independently. Stop and start conditions can be detected at any stage during the data transfer. If these conditions are asserted out of sequence with normal read and write operations, they cause an immediate jump to the idle condition. During a given SCLOCK high period, the user should issue only one start condition, one stop condition or a single stop condition followed by a single start condition. If an invalid subaddress is issued by the user, the ADV7177/ADV7178 will not issue an acknowledge and will return to the idle condition. If, in auto-increment mode, the user exceeds the highest subaddress, the following action will be taken: 1. In Read Mode, the highest subaddress register contents will continue to be output until the master device issues a noacknowledge. This indicates the end of a read. A noacknowledge condition is where the SDATA line is not pulled low on the ninth pulse. 2. In Write Mode, the data for the invalid byte will not be loaded into any subaddress register, a no-acknowledge will be issued by the ADV7177/ADV7178 and the part will return to the idle condition. Figure 29 illustrates an example of data transfer for a read sequence and the start and stop conditions.
SDATA
SCLOCK
S
1-7
8
9
1-7
8
9
1-7 DATA
8
9 ACK
P STOP
START ADDR R/W ACK SUBADDRESS ACK
Figure 29. Bus Data Transfer
Figure 30 shows bus write and read sequences.
REGISTER ACCESSES
The MPU can write to or read from all of the ADV7177/ ADV7178 registers except the subaddress register, which is a write-only register. The subaddress register determines which register the next read or write operation accesses. All communications with the part through the bus start with an access to the subaddress register. A read/write operation is performed from/to the target address, which then increments to the next address until a stop command on the bus is performed.
REGISTER PROGRAMMING
The following section describes each register, including subaddress register, mode registers, subcarrier frequency registers, subcarrier phase register, timing registers, closed captioning extended data registers, closed captioning data registers and NTSC pedestal control registers in terms of its configuration.
WRITE SEQUENCE
S
SLAVE ADDR A(S) LSB = 0
SUB ADDR
A(S)
DATA
A(S) LSB = 1
DATA
A(S) P
READ SEQUENCE
S
SLAVE ADDR A(S) S = START BIT P = STOP BIT
SUB ADDR
A(S) S SLAVE ADDR
A(S)
DATA
A(M)
DATA
A(M) P
A(S) = ACKNOWLEDGE BY SLAVE A(M) = ACKNOWLEDGE BY MASTER
A(S) = NO-ACKNOWLEDGE BY SLAVE A(M) = NO-ACKNOWLEDGE BY MASTER
Figure 30. Write and Read Sequences
-22-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
Subaddress Register (SR7-SR0)
The communications register is an 8-bit write-only register. After the part has been accessed over the bus, and a read/write operation is selected, the subaddress is set up. The subaddress register determines to/from which register the operation takes place. Figure 31 shows the various operations under the control of the subaddress register. Zero should always be written to SR7-SR6.
Register Select (SR5-SR0)
MR0 BIT DESCRIPTION Encode Mode Control (MR01-MR00)
These bits are used to set up the encode mode. The ADV7177/ ADV7178 can be set up to output NTSC, PAL (B, D, G, H, I) and PAL (M) standard video.
Pedestal Control (MR02)
This bit specifies whether a pedestal is to be generated on the NTSC composite video signal. This bit is invalid if the ADV7177/ADV7178 is configured in PAL mode.
Luminance Filter Control (MR04-MR03)
These bits are set up to point to the required starting address.
MODE REGISTER 0 MR0 (MR07-MR00) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 00H)
Figure 32 shows the various operations under the control of Mode Register 0. This register can be read from as well as written to.
SR7 SR6 SR5 SR4 SR3 SR2 SR1
The luminance filters are divided into two sets (NTSC/PAL) of four filters, low-pass A, low-pass B, notch and extended. When PAL is selected, bits MR03 and MR04 select one of four PAL luminance filters; likewise, when NTSC is selected, bits MR03 and MR04 select one of four NTSC luminance filters. The filters are illustrated in Figures 7 to 13.
SR0
SR7-SR6 (00)
ZERO SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THESE BITS
ADV7178 SUBADDRESS REGISTER
ADV7177 SUBADDRESS REGISTER SR5 SR4 SR3 SR2 SR1 SR0
SR5 SR4 SR3 SR2 SR1 SR0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 * * 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 * * 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 * * 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 * * 1 MODE REGISTER 0 MODE REGISTER 1 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 0 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 1 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 2 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 3 SUBCARRIER PHASE REGISTER TIMING REGISTER 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING EXTENDED DATA - BYTE 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING EXTENDED DATA - BYTE 1 CLOSED CAPTIONING DATA - BYTE 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING DATA - BYTE 1 TIMING REGISTER 1 MODE REGISTER 2 NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 0 (FIELD 1/3) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 1 (FIELD 1/3) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 2 (FIELD 2/4) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 3 (FIELD 2/4) MODE REGISTER 3 MACROVISION REGISTER " " " " MACROVISION REGISTER
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 * * 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 * * 1
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 * * 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 * * 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 * * 0
MODE REGISTER 0 MODE REGISTER 1 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 0 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 1 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 2 SUBCARRIER FREQ REGISTER 3 SUBCARRIER PHASE REGISTER TIMING REGISTER 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING EXTENDED DATA - BYTE 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING EXTENDED DATA - BYTE 1 CLOSED CAPTIONING DATA - BYTE 0 CLOSED CAPTIONING DATA - BYTE 1 TIMING REGISTER 1 MODE REGISTER 2 NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 0 (FIELD 1/3) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 1 (FIELD 1/3) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 2 (FIELD 2/4) NTSC PEDESTAL CONTROL REG 3 (FIELD 2/4) MODE REGISTER 3 OSD REGISTER " " " " OSD REGISTER
Figure 31. Subaddress Register
MR07
MR06
MR05
MR04
MR03
MR02
MR01
MR00
OUTPUT SELECT MR06 0 1 YC OUTPUT RGB/YUV OUTPUT 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
FILTER SELECT MR04 MR03 LOW-PASS FILTER (A) NOTCH FILTER EXTENDED MODE LOW-PASS FILTER (B) 0 0 1 1
OUTPUT VIDEO STANDARD SELECTION MR01 MR00 0 1 0 1 NTSC PAL (B, D, G, H, I) PAL (M) RESERVED
MR07 (0) ZERO SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THIS BIT
RGB SYNC MR05 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE
PEDESTAL CONTROL MR02 0 1 PEDESTAL OFF PEDESTAL ON
Figure 32. Mode Register 0 (MR0)
REV. 0
-23-
ADV7177/ADV7178
MR17 MR16 MR15 MR14 MR13 MR12 MR11 MR10
MR16 (1) ONE SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THIS BIT
LUMA DAC CONTROL MR14 0 NORMAL 1 POWER-DOWN 0 0 1 1
CLOSED CAPTIONING FIELD SELECTION MR12 MR11 0 1 0 1 NO DATA OUT ODD FIELD ONLY EVEN FIELD ONLY DATA OUT (BOTH FIELDS) INTERLACE CONTROL MR10 0 INTERLACED 1 NONINTERLACED
COLOR BAR CONTROL MR17 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE
COMPOSITE DAC CONTROL MR15 0 NORMAL 1 POWER-DOWN
CHROMA DAC CONTROL MR13 0 NORMAL 1 POWER-DOWN
Figure 33. Mode Register 1 (MR1)
RGB Sync (MR05)
This bit is used to set up the RGB outputs with the sync information encoded on all RGB outputs.
Output Control (MR06)
i.e.: NTSC Mode, FCLK = 27 MHz, FSCF = 3.5795454 MHz 232 - 1 Subcarrier Frequency Value = 27 x 106 x 3.5795454 x 106
This bit specifies if the part is in composite video or RGB/YUV mode. Please note that the main composite signal is still available in RGB/YUV mode.
MODE REGISTER 1 MR1 (MR17-MR10) (Address (SR4-SR0) = 01H)
= 21F07C16 HEX Figure 34 shows how the frequency is set up by the four registers.
SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY REG 3 SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY REG 2 SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY REG 1 SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY REG 0 FSC31 FSC30 FSC29 FSC28 FSC27 FSC26 FSC25 FSC24
Figure 33 shows the various operations under the control of Mode Register 1. This register can be read from as well as written to.
MR1 BIT DESCRIPTION Interlaced Mode Control (MR10)
FSC23 FSC22 FSC21 FSC20 FSC19 FSC18 FSC17
FSC16
FSC15 FSC14 FSC13 FSC12
FSC11 FSC10
FSC9
FSC8
This bit is used to set up the output to interlaced or noninterlaced mode. This mode is only relevant when the part is in composite video mode.
Closed Captioning Field Control (MR12-MR11)
FSC7
FSC6
FSC5
FSC4
FSC3
FSC2
FSC1
FSC0
Figure 34. Subcarrier Frequency Register
SUBCARRIER PHASE REGISTER (FP7-FP0) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 06H)
These bits control the fields on which closed captioning data is displayed; closed captioning information can be displayed on an odd field, even field or both fields.
DAC Control (MR15-MR13)
These bits can be used to power down the DACs. This can be used to reduce the power consumption of the ADV7177/ ADV7178 if any of the DACs are not required in the application.
Color Bar Control (MR17)
This 8-bit-wide register is used to set up the subcarrier phase. Each bit represents 1.41 degrees.
TIMING REGISTER 0 (TR07-TR00) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 07H)
This bit can be used to generate and output an internal color bar test pattern. The color bar configuration is 75/7.5/75/7.5 for NTSC and 100/0/75/0 for PAL. It is important to note that when color bars are enabled the ADV7177/ADV7178 is configured in a master timing mode as per the one selected by bits TR01 and TR02.
SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY REGISTER 3-0 (FSC3-FSC0) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 05H-02H)
Figure 35 shows the various operations under the control of Timing Register 0. This register can be read from as well as written to. This register can be used to adjust the width and position of the master mode timing signals.
TR0 BIT DESCRIPTION Master/Slave Control (TR00)
This bit controls whether the ADV7177/ADV7178 is in master or slave mode. This register can be used to adjust the width and position of the master timing signals.
Timing Mode Control (TR02-TR01)
These 8-bit-wide registers are used to set up the subcarrier frequency. The value of these registers are calculated by using the following equation: Subcarrier Frequency Register = 232 -1 x FSCF FCLK
These bits control the timing mode of the ADV7177/ADV7178. These modes are described in the Timing and Control section of the data sheet.
BLANK Control (TR03)
This bit controls whether the BLANK input is used when the part is in slave mode -24- REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
TR07 TR06 TR05 TR04 TR03 TR02 TR01 TR00 TIMING REGISTER RESET TR07 BLACK INPUT CONTROL TR03 0 1 PIXEL PORT CONTROL TR06 0 1 8-BIT 16-BIT LUMA DELAY TR05 TR04 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0ns DELAY 74ns DELAY 148ns DELAY 222ns DELAY 0 0 1 1 ENABLE DISABLE TIMING MODE SELECTION TR02 TR01 0 1 0 1 MODE 0 MODE 1 MODE 2 MODE 3 MASTER/SLAVE CONTROL TR00 0 1 SLAVE TIMING MASTER TIMING
Figure 35. Timing Register 0
Luma Delay Control (TR05-TR04)
These bits control the addition of a luminance delay. Each bit represents a delay of 74 ns.
Pixel Port Select (TR06)
BYTE 1
CED15
CED14
CED13
CED12
CED11
CED10
CED9
CED8
BYTE 0
CED7
CED6
CED5
CED4
CED3
CED2
CED1
CED0
This bit is used to set the pixel port to accept 8-bit or 16-bit data. If an 8-bit input is selected the data will be set up on Pins P7-P0.
Timing Register Reset (TR07)
Figure 36. Closed Captioning Extended Data Register
CLOSED CAPTIONING ODD FIELD DATA REGISTER 1-0 (CCD15-CCD00) (Subaddress [SR4-SR0] = 0B-0AH)
Toggling TR07 from low to high and low again resets the internal timing counters. This bit should be toggled after power-up, reset or changing to a new timing mode.
CLOSED CAPTIONING EVEN FIELD DATA REGISTER 1-0 (CED15-CED00) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 09-08H)
These 8-bit-wide registers are used to set up the closed captioning data bytes on odd fields. Figure 37 shows how the high and low bytes are set up in the registers.
BYTE 1
CCD15 CCD14 CCD13 CCD12 CCD11 CCD10 CCD9 CCD8
These 8-bit-wide registers are used to set up the closed captioning extended data bytes on even fields. Figure 36 shows how the high and low bytes are set up in the registers.
BYTE 0
CCD7
CCD6
CCD5
CCD4
CCD3
CCD2
CCD1
CCD0
Figure 37. Closed Captioning Data Register
TR17
TR16
TR15
TR14
TR13
TR12
TR11
TR10
HSYNC TO PIXEL DATA ADJUSTMENT TR17 TR16 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 x TPCLK 1 x TPCLK 2 x TPCLK 3 x TPCLK
HSYNC TO FIELD RISING EDGE DELAY (MODE 1 ONLY) TR15 TR14 x x 0 1 TC TB TB + 32 s
HSYNC TO FIELD/VSYNC DELAY TR13 TR12 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 TB 0 x TPCLK 4 x TPCLK 8 x TPCLK 16 x TPCLK
HSYNC WIDTH TR11 TR10 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 TA 1 x TPCLK 4 x TPCLK 16 x TPCLK 128 x TPCLK
VSYNC WIDTH (MODE 2 ONLY) TR15 TR14 0 0 1 1 TIMING MODE 1 (MASTER/PAL) LINE 1 HSYNC LINE 313 LINE 314 0 1 0 1 1 x TPCLK 4 x TPCLK 16 x TPCLK 128 x TPCLK
TA TB TC
FIELD/VSYNC
Figure 38. Timing Register 1
REV. 0
-25-
ADV7177/ADV7178
TIMING REGISTER 1 (TR17-TR10) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 0CH) MR2 BIT DESCRIPTION Square Pixel Mode Control (MR20)
Timing Register 1 is an 8-bit-wide register. Figure 38 shows the various operations under the control of Timing Register 1. This register can be read from as well as written to. This register can be used to adjust the width and position of the master mode timing signals.
TR1 BIT DESCRIPTION HSYNC Width (TR11-TR10)
This bit is used to set up square pixel mode. This is available in slave mode only. For NTSC, a 24.54 MHz clock must be supplied. For PAL, a 29.5 MHz clock must be supplied.
Active Video Line Control (MR23)
This bit switches between two active video line durations. A zero selects ITU-R BT.470 (720 pixels PAL/NTSC) and a one selects ITU-R/SMPTE "analog" standard for active video duration (710 pixels NTSC 702 pixels PAL).
Chrominance Control (MR24)
These bits adjust the HSYNC pulsewidth.
HSYNC to VSYNC/FIELD Delay Control (TR13-TR12)
These bits adjust the position of the HSYNC output relative to the FIELD/VSYNC output.
HSYNC to FIELD Delay Control (TR15-TR14)
This bit enables the color information to be switched on and off the video output.
Burst Control (MR25)
When the ADV7177/ADV7178 is in Timing Mode 1, these bits adjust the position of the HSYNC output relative to the FIELD output rising edge.
VSYNC Width (TR15-TR14)
This bit enables the burst information to be switched on and off the video output.
RGB/YUV Control (MR26)
When the ADV7177/ADV7178 is in Timing Mode 2, these bits adjust the VSYNC pulsewidth.
HSYNC to Pixel Data Adjust (TR17-TR16)
This bit enables the output from the RGB DACs to be set to YUV output video standard. Bit MR06 of Mode Register 0 must be set to Logic Level "1" before MR26 is set.
Table II. DAC Output Configuration Matrix
This enables the HSYNC to be adjusted with respect to the pixel data. This allows the Cr and Cb components to be swapped. This adjustment is available in both master and slave timing modes.
MODE REGISTER 2 MR2 (MR27-MR20) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 0DH)
MR06 0 0 1 1
CVBS: Y: C: U: V: R: G: B:
MR26 0 1 0 1
DAC A CVBS CVBS B U
DAC B Y Y S Y
DAC C C C R V
Mode Register 2 is an 8-bit-wide register. Figure 39 shows the various operations under the control of Mode Register 2. This register can be read from as well as written to.
Composite Video Baseband Signal Luminance Component Signal (For YUV or Y/C Mode) Chrominance Signal (For Y/C Mode) Chrominance Component Signal (For YUV Mode) Chrominance Component Signal (For YUV Mode) RED Component Video (For RGB Mode) GREEN Component Video (For RGB Mode) BLUE Component Video (For RGB Mode)
Low Power Control (MR27)
This bit enables the lower power mode of the ADV7177/ ADV7178. This will reduce DAC current by 50%.
MR27
MR26 RGB/YUV CONTROL
MR25
MR24 CHROMINANCE CONTROL
MR23
MR22
MR21
MR20
MR22-MR21 (00) ZERO SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THESE BITS
MR26 0 1 RGB OUTPUT YUV OUTPUT
MR24 0 1 ENABLE COLOR DISABLE COLOR
LOW POWER MODE MR27 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE MR25 0 1
BURST CONTROL ENABLE BURST DISABLE BURST 0 1
CCIR624/CCIR601 CONTROL MR23 CCIR624 OUTPUT CCIR601 OUTPUT
SQUARE PIXEL CONTROL MR20 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE
Figure 39. Mode Register 2
-26-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
NTSC PEDESTAL REGISTERS 3-0 (PCE15-0, PCO15-0) (Subaddress [SR4-SR0] = 11-0EH) MR3 BIT DESCRIPTION Revision Code (MR30)
These 8-bit-wide registers are used to set up the NTSC pedestal on a line-by-line basis in the vertical blanking interval for both odd and even fields. Figure 40 show the four control registers. A Logic "1" in any of the bits of these registers has the effect of turning the pedestal OFF on the equivalent line when used in NTSC.
LINE 17 LINE 16 LINE 15 LINE 14 LINE 13 LINE 12 LINE 11 LINE 10 FIELD 1/3
PCO7 PCO6 PCO5 PCO4 PCO3 PCO2 PCO1 PCO0
This bit is read only and indicates the revision of the device.
VBI Pass-Through Control (MR31)
This bit determines whether or not data in the vertical blanking interval (VBI) is output to the analog outputs or blanked.
Clock Output Select (MR33-MR32)
These bits control the synchronous clock output signal. The clock can be 27 MHz, 13.5 MHz or disabled, depending on the values of these bits.
OSD Enable (MR35)
LINE 25 LINE 24 LINE 23 LINE 22 LINE 21 LINE 20 LINE 19 LINE 18 FIELD 1/3
PCO15 PCO14 PCO13 PCO12 PCO11 PCO10 PCO9 PCO8
A logic one in MR35 will enable the OSD function on the ADV7177.
Reserved (MR36)
LINE 17 LINE 16 LINE 15 LINE 14 LINE 13 LINE 12 LINE 11 LINE 10 FIELD 2/4
PCE7 PCE6 PCE5 PCE4 PCE3 PCE2 PCE1 PCE0
These bits are reserved.
Input Default Color (MR36)
LINE 25 LINE 24 LINE 23 LINE 22 LINE 21 LINE 20 LINE 19 LINE 18 FIELD 2/4
PCE15 PCE14 PCE13 PCE12 PCE11 PCE10 PCE9 PCE8
Figure 40. Pedestal Control Registers
This bit determines the default output color from the DACs for zero input data (or disconnected). A Logical "0" means that the color corresponding to 00000000 will be displayed. A Logical "1" forces the output color to black for 00000000 input video data.
OSD REGISTER 0-11 (Address [SR4-SR0] = 12H-1DH)
MODE REGISTER 3 MR3 (MR37-MR30) (Address [SR4-SR0] = 12H)
Mode Register 3 is an 8-bit-wide register. Figure 41 shows the various operations under the control of Mode Register 3.
There are 12 OSD registers as shown in Figure 42. There are four bits for each Y, Cb and Cr value, there are four zero added to give the complete byte for each value loaded internally. (Y0 = [Y03, Y02, Y01, Y00, 0, 0, 0, 0], Cb = [Cb3, Cb2, Cb1, Cb0, 0, 0, 0, 0,], Cr = [Cr3, Cr2, Cr1, Cr0, 0, 0, 0, 0].)
MR37
MR36
MR35
MR34
MR33
MR32
MR31
MR30
CLOCK CONTROL MR37 ZERO SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THIS BIT OSD ENABLE MR35 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE MR34 ZERO SHOULD BE WRITTEN TO THIS BIT MR33-32 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 CLOCK OUTPUT OFF 13.5MHz OUTPUT 27MHz OUTPUT CLOCK OUTPUT OFF MR30 REV CODE (READ ONLY)
INPUT DEFAULT COLOR MR36 0 1 INPUT COLOR BLACK
VBI PASSTHROUGH MR31 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE
Figure 41. Mode Register 3
OSD REG 0 OSD REG 1 OSD REG 2
Y0
Cr0
Cb0
Y1
Cr1
Cb1
OSD REG 11
Cr7
Cb7
Figure 42. OSD Registers
REV. 0
-27-
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 1 BOARD DESIGN AND LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
The ADV7177/ADV7178 is a highly integrated circuit containing both precision analog and high speed digital circuitry. It has been designed to minimize interference effects on the integrity of the analog circuitry by the high speed digital circuitry. It is imperative that these same design and layout techniques be applied to the system level design so that high speed, accurate performance is achieved. The "Recommended Analog Circuit Layout" shows the analog interface between the device and monitor. The layout should be optimized for lowest noise on the ADV7177/ ADV7178 power and ground lines by shielding the digital inputs and providing good decoupling. The lead length between groups of VAA and GND pins should by minimized to minimize inductive ringing.
Ground Planes
Supply Decoupling
For optimum performance, bypass capacitors should be installed using the shortest leads possible, consistent with reliable operation, to reduce the lead inductance. Best performance is obtained with 0.1 F ceramic capacitor decoupling. Each group of VAA pins on the ADV7177/ADV7178 must have at least one 0.1 F decoupling capacitor to GND. These capacitors should be placed as close to the device as possible. It is important to note that while the ADV7177/ADV7178 contains circuitry to reject power supply noise, this rejection decreases with frequency. If a high frequency switching power supply is used, the designer should pay close attention to reducing power supply noise and consider using a three terminal voltage regulator for supplying power to the analog power plane.
Digital Signal Interconnect
The ground plane should encompass all ADV7177/ADV7178 ground pins, voltage reference circuitry, power supply bypass circuitry for the ADV7177/ADV7178, the analog output traces, and all the digital signal traces leading up to the ADV7177/ ADV7178. The ground plane is the board's common ground plane. This should be as substantial as possible to maximize heat spreading and power dissipation on the board.
Power Planes
The digital inputs to the ADV7177/ADV7178 should be isolated as much as possible from the analog outputs and other analog circuitry. Also, these input signals should not overlay the analog power plane. Due to the high clock rates involved, long clock lines to the ADV7177/ADV7178 should be avoided to reduce noise pickup. Any active termination resistors for the digital inputs should be connected to the regular PCB power plane (VCC) and not the analog power plane.
Analog Signal Interconnect
The ADV7177/ADV7178 and any associated analog circuitry should have its own power plane, referred to as the analog power plane (VAA). This power plane should be connected to the regular PCB power plane (VCC) at a single point through a ferrite bead. This bead should be located within three inches of the ADV7177/ADV7178. The metallization gap separating device power plane and board power plane should be as narrow as possible to minimize the obstruction to the flow of heat from the device into the general board. The PCB power plane should provide power to all digital logic on the PC board, and the analog power plane should provide power to all ADV7177/ADV7178 power pins and voltage reference circuitry. Plane-to-plane noise coupling can be reduced by ensuring that portions of the regular PCB power and ground planes do not overlay portions of the analog power plane unless they can be arranged so that the plane-to-plane noise is common-mode.
The ADV7177/ADV7178 should be located as close to the output connectors as possible to minimize noise pickup and reflections due to impedance mismatch. The video output signals should overlay the ground plane, not the analog power plane, to maximize the high frequency power supply rejection. Digital inputs, especially pixel data inputs and clocking signals, should never overlay any of the analog signal circuitry and should be kept as far away as possible. For best performance, the outputs should each have a 75 load resistor connected to GND. These resistors should be placed as close as possible to the ADV7177/ADV7178 as to minimize reflections. The ADV7177/ADV7178 should have no inputs left floating. Any inputs that are not required should be tied to ground.
-28-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING FOR EACH POWER SUPPLY GROUP +5V (VAA) 0.1 F 32 VREF 11 OSD_EN 34 OSD_0 OSD INPUTS 37-41, 3-10, 12-14 PIXEL DATA P15-P0 CVBS 25 100nF "UNUSED INPUTS SHOULD BE GROUNDED" 15 HSYNC 16 FIELD/VSYNC 17 BLANK 22 RESET 44 CLOCK 33pF 27MHz XTAL 33pF 27MHz OR 13.5MHz CLOCK OUTPUT +5V (VAA) 10k 43 CLOCK 2 CLOCK/2 ALSB 18 GND 19, 21 29, 42 100 SCLOCK 23 100 SDATA 24 RSET 33 150 MPU BUS +5V (VCC) 5k +5V (VCC) 5k 75 35 OSD_1 36 OSD_2 +5V (VAA) 4k RESET +5V (VAA) 0.1 F 1, 20, 28, 30 31 COMP VAA 10 F 33 F 0.1 F 0.01 F +5V (VAA) L1 (FERRITE BEAD) +5V (VCC) GND
LUMA 27
ADV7177/ ADV7178
CHROMA 26
75
75
Figure 43. Recommended Analog Circuit Layout
REV. 0
-29-
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 2 CLOSED CAPTIONING
The ADV7177/ADV7178 supports closed captioning, conforming to the standard television synchronizing waveform for color transmission. Closed captioning is transmitted during the blanked active line time of Line 21 of the odd fields and Line 284 of even fields. Closed captioning consists of a 7-cycle sinusoidal burst that is frequency and phase locked to the caption data. After the clock run-in signal, the blanking level is held for two data bits and is followed by a Logic Level "1" start bit. 16 bits of data follow the start bit. These consist of two 8-bit bytes, seven data bits and one odd parity bit. The data for these bytes is stored in closed captioning Data Registers 0 and 1. The ADV7177/ADV7178 also supports the extended closed captioning operation, which is active during even fields, and is encoded on scan Line 284. The data for this operation is stored in closed captioning extended Data Registers 0 and 1. All clock run-in signals and timing to support closed captioning on Lines 21 and 284 are generated automatically by the ADV7177/ ADV7178. All pixels inputs are ignored during Lines 21 and 284.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47 Section 15.119 and EIA608 describe the closed captioning information for Lines 21 and 284. The ADV7177/ADV7178 uses a single buffering method. This means that the closed captioning buffer is only one byte deep, therefore there will be no frame delay in outputting the closed captioning data unlike other 2-byte deep buffering systems. The data must be loaded at least one line before (Line 20 or Line 283) it is outputted on Line 21 and Line 284. A typical implementation of this method is to use VSYNC to interrupt a microprocessor, which will in turn load the new data (two bytes) every field. If no new data is required for transmission you must insert zeros in both the data registers; this is called NULLING. It is also important to load "control codes," all of which are double bytes on Line 21, or a TV will not recognize them. If you have a message like "Hello World," which has an odd number of characters, it is important to pad it out to an even number to get "end of caption" 2-byte control code to land in the same field.
10.5
0.25 s
12.91 s 7 CYCLES OF 0.5035 MHz (CLOCK RUN-IN)
TWO 7-BIT + PARITY ASCII CHARACTERS (DATA) S T A R T P A R I T Y P A R I T Y
D0-D6
50 IRE
D0-D6
BYTE 0 40 IRE REFERENCE COLOR BURST (9 CYCLES) FREQUENCY = FSC = 3.579545MHz AMPLITUDE = 40 IRE 10.003 s 27.382 s 33.764 s
BYTE 1
Figure 44. Closed Captioning Waveform (NTSC)
-30-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 3 NTSC WAVEFORMS (WITH PEDESTAL)
130.8 IRE
PEAK COMPOSITE
1268.1mV
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1048.4mV
714.2mV 7.5 IRE 0 IRE -40 IRE BLACK LEVEL BLANK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL 387.6mV 334.2mV 48.3mV
Figure 45. NTSC Composite Video Levels
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1048.4mV
714.2mV 7.5 IRE 0 IRE -40 IRE BLACK LEVEL BLANK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL 387.6mV 334.2mV 48.3mV
Figure 46. NTSC Luma Video Levels
1067.7mV 835mV (pk-pk)
PEAK CHROMA
286mV (pk-pk) 650mV
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL
232.2mV
PEAK CHROMA
0mV
Figure 47. NTSC Chroma Video Levels
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1052.2mV
720.8mV 7.5 IRE 0 IRE -40 IRE BLACK LEVEL BLANK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL 387.5mV 331.4mV 45.9mV
Figure 48. NTSC RGB Video Levels
REV. 0
-31-
ADV7177/ADV7178
NTSC WAVEFORMS (WITHOUT PEDESTAL)
130.8 IRE
PEAK COMPOSITE
1289.8mV
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1052.2mV
714.2mV 0 IRE -40 IRE BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL 338mV 52.1mV
Figure 49. NTSC Composite Video Levels
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1052.2mV
714.2mV
0 IRE -40 IRE
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL
338mV 52.1mV
Figure 50. NTSC Luma Video Levels
1101.6mV 903.2mV (pk-pk)
PEAK CHROMA
307mV (pk-pk) 650mV
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL
198.4mV
PEAK CHROMA
0mV
Figure 51. NTSC Chroma Video Levels
100 IRE
REF WHITE
1052.2mV
715.7mV
0 IRE -40 IRE
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL
336.5mV 51mV
Figure 52. NTSC RGB Video Levels
-32-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
PAL WAVEFORMS
1284.2mV
PEAK COMPOSITE
1047.1mV
REF WHITE
696.4mV 350.7mV 50.8mV BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL
Figure 53. PAL Composite Video Levels
1047mV
REF WHITE
696.4mV
350.7mV 50.8mV
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL
Figure 54. PAL Luma Video Levels
1092.5mV 885mV (pk-pk)
PEAK CHROMA
300mV (pk-pk) 650mV
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL
207.5mV
PEAK CHROMA
0mV
Figure 55. PAL Chroma Video Levels
1050.2mV
REF WHITE
698.4mV
351.8mV 51mV
BLANK/BLACK LEVEL SYNC LEVEL
Figure 56. PAL RGB Video Levels
REV. 0
-33-
ADV7177/ADV7178
MAGENTA
UV WAVEFORMS
BLACK BLUE RED
YELLOW
GREEN
WHITE
CYAN
MAGENTA
YELLOW
GREEN
334mV
423mV
505mV
171mV BETACAM LEVEL
BETACAM LEVEL 82mV 0mV 0mV -82mV
0mV
0mV
171mV
334mV
-423mV -505mV
505mV
Figure 57. NTSC 100% Color Bars No Pedestal U Levels
Figure 60. NTSC 100% Color Bars No Pedestal V Levels
MAGENTA
YELLOW
GREEN
BLACK
WHITE
CYAN
BLUE
RED
MAGENTA
YELLOW
GREEN
RED
505mV
309mV
391mV
467mV
158mV BETACAM LEVEL
BETACAM LEVEL 76mV 0mV 0mV -76mV
0mV
0mV
-158mV
-309mV
-391mV -467mV
-467mV
Figure 58. NTSC 100% Color Bars with Pedestal U Levels
Figure 61. NTSC 100% Color Bars with Pedestal V Levels
MAGENTA
YELLOW
GREEN
BLACK
WHITE
CYAN
BLUE
RED
MAGENTA
YELLOW
GREEN
RED
467mV
232mV
293mV
350mV
118mV SMPTE LEVEL
SMPTE LEVEL 57mV 0mV 0mV -57mV
0mV
0mV
-118mV
-232mV
-293mV -350mV
-350mV
Figure 59. PAL 1005 Color Bars U Levels
Figure 62. PAL 100% Color Bars V Levels
RED
350mV
BLACK
WHITE
CYAN
BLUE
BLACK
WHITE
CYAN
BLUE
BLACK
WHITE
CYAN
BLUE
-34-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 4 REGISTER VALUES
The ADV7177/ADV7178 registers can be set depending on the user standard required. The following examples give the various register formats for several video standards. In each case the output is set to composite o/p with all DACs powered up and with the BLANK input control disabled. Additionally, the burst and color information are enabled on the output and the internal color bar generator is switched off. In the examples shown, the timing mode is set to Mode 0 in slave format. TR02-TR00 of the Timing Register 0 control the timing modes. For a detailed explanation of each bit in the command registers, please turn to the Register Programming section of the data sheet. TR07 should be toggled after setting up a new timing mode. Timing Register 1 provides additional control over the position and duration of the timing signals. In the examples, this register is programmed in default mode.
NTSC (FSC = 3.5795454 MHz) Address Data
Address
Data
0EHex 0FHex 10Hex 11Hex 12Hex
Pedestal Control Register 0 Pedestal Control Register 1 Pedestal Control Register 2 Pedestal Control Register 3 Mode Register 3
00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex
Data
PAL M (FSC = 3.57561149 MHz) Address
00Hex 01Hex 02Hex 03Hex 04Hex 05Hex 06Hex 07Hex 08Hex 09Hex 0AHex 0BHex 0CHex 0DHex 0EHex 0FHex 10Hex 11Hex 12Hex
Mode Register 0 Mode Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 0 Subcarrier Frequency Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 2 Subcarrier Frequency Register 3 Subcarrier Phase Register Timing Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 1 Closed Captioning Register 0 Closed Captioning Register 1 Timing Register 1 Mode Register 2 Pedestal Control Register 0 Pedestal Control Register 1 Pedestal Control Register 2 Pedestal Control Register 3 Mode Register 3
04Hex 00Hex 16Hex 7CHex F0Hex 21Hex 00Hex 08Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 80Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex
Data
00Hex 01Hex 02Hex 03Hex 04Hex 05Hex 06Hex 07Hex 08Hex 09Hex 0AHex 0BHex 0CHex 0DHex 0EHex 0FHex 10Hex 11Hex 12Hex
Mode Register 0 Mode Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 0 Subcarrier Frequency Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 2 Subcarrier Frequency Register 3 Subcarrier Phase Register Timing Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 1 Closed Captioning Register 0 Closed Captioning Register 1 Timing Register 1 Mode Register 2 Pedestal Control Register 0 Pedestal Control Register 1 Pedestal Control Register 2 Pedestal Control Register 3 Mode Register 3
06Hex 00Hex A3Hex EFHex E6Hex 21Hex 00Hex 08Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 80Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex
PAL B, D, G, H, I (FSC = 4.43361875 MHz) Address
00Hex 01Hex 02Hex 03Hex 04Hex 05Hex 06Hex 07Hex 08Hex 09Hex 0AHex 0BHex 0CHex 0DHex
Mode Register 0 Mode Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 0 Subcarrier Frequency Register 1 Subcarrier Frequency Register 2 Subcarrier Frequency Register 3 Subcarrier Phase Register Timing Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 0 Closed Captioning Ext Register 1 Closed Captioning Register 0 Closed Captioning Register 1 Timing Register 1 Mode Register 2
01Hex 00Hex CBHex 8AHex 09Hex 2AHex 00Hex 08Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 00Hex 80Hex
REV. 0
-35-
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 5 OPTIONAL OUTPUT FILTER
DECIBELS
If an output filter is required for the CVBS, Y, UV, Chroma and RGB outputs of the ADV7177/ADV7178, the following filter in Figure 63 can be used. Plots of the filter characteristics are shown in Figures 64, 65 and 66. An output filter is not required if the outputs of the ADV7177/ADV7178 are connected to an analog monitor or an analog TV; however, if the output signals are applied to a system where sampling is used (e.g., digital TV), a filter is required to prevent aliasing.
0 VdB - OP -5
-10 -15
-20
-25
L 1H IN R 75 C 470pF C 330pF C 56pF R 75 L 2.7 H L 0.68 H OUT
-30 -35
1
10 FREQUENCY - MHz
100
Figure 63. Output Filter
Figure 65. Output Filter Close Up
0 -5 -10 -15 -20
DECIBELS
0.0 VdB - OP -0.5 VdB - OP -1.0 -1.5
DECIBELS
-25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY - Hz 10M 100M
-2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5
1
2
4 FREQUENCY - MHz
6
8
10
Figure 64. Output Filter Plot
Figure 66. Output Filter Plot Close Up
-36-
REV. 0
ADV7177/ADV7178
APPENDIX 6 OPTIONAL DAC BUFFERING
For external buffering of the ADV7177/ADV7178 DAC outputs, the configuration in Figure 67 is recommended. This configuration shows the DAC outputs running at half (18 mA) their full current (34.7 mA) capability. This will allow the ADV7177/ADV7178 to dissipate less power, the analog current is reduced by 50% with a RSET of 300 and a RLOAD of 75 . This mode is recommended for 3.3 volt operation as optimum performance is obtained from the DAC outputs at 18 mA with a VAA of 3.3 volts. This buffer also adds extra isolation on the video out-
puts, see buffer circuit in Figure 68. When calculating absolute output full current and voltage, use the following equation:
V OUT = IOUT x RLOAD IOUT =
(V
REF
xK
)
RSET K = 4.2146 constant , VREF = 1.235 V
VAA
ADV7177/ADV7178
VREF DAC A OUTPUT BUFFER 75 DAC B PIXEL PORT DIGITAL CORE DAC C RSET 300 OUTPUT BUFFER 75 OUTPUT BUFFER 75
VCC 36 OUTPUT TO TV/MONITOR INPUT 75 2N2907 75
Figure 67. Output DAC Buffering Configuration
Figure 68. Recommended Output DAC Buffer
REV. 0
-37-
ADV7177/ADV7178
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
Plastic Quad Flatpack (S-44)
0.548 (13.925) 0.546 (13.875) 0.398 (10.11) 0.390 (9.91) 8 0.8
34 33 23 22
0.096 (2.44) MAX 0.037 (0.94) 0.025 (0.64) SEATING PLANE
TOP VIEW
(PINS DOWN)
44
12 1 11
0.040 (1.02) 0.032 (0.81)
0.040 (1.02) 0.032 (0.81)
0.083 (2.11) 0.077 (1.96)
0.033 (0.84) 0.029 (0.74)
0.016 (0.41) 0.012 (0.30)
-38-
REV. 0
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
C3314-2.5-8/98

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